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你知道 "I'm a Taiwanese" 文法是錯的嗎?

以下的句子嚴格來說是錯誤的:

  • I'm a Taiwanese.
  • I'm a Japanese.
  • I'm a Chinese.

正確應該為:

  • I'm a Taiwanese person.
  • I'm a Japanese person.
  • I'm a Chinese person.

然而這些是對的:

  • I'm a American.
  • I'm a Australian.
  • I'm a Brit.

然而,如果改為 The Taiwanese 代表國籍,就又沒錯了喔!

我就這個問題跟老師討論了有三堂課有...,就算 Cambridge Dictionary 有寫了可以當作國籍人使用,但他認為就是聽起來很奇怪。他甚至幫我去問了美國與英國好友的意見,結果他的英國朋友說這樣的說法是可以接受的,反而是美國朋友覺得這樣聽起來很怪,是錯誤的。他說可能是因為他常接觸美國人,有一部份程度的被同化影響了。我們雖在很多地方看到這樣的用法,儘管一開始不是對的,但語言講久了就變成對的了。

我們討論了一下,為什麼有些後面不用加 person,有些要?

後來我靈光得出了一個結論:

只要是表示國籍的單字,也能同時代表一種語言的話,那後面就必須加上 person/people 等名詞,因為談話過程中可能會因此造成誤解,不曉得在討論語言或國籍,實際上我在對話時,如果提到 Taiwanese 如果後面沒特別加 person/people,就代表我指的是「台語」這個語言,而不是在講國籍。

後來在 List of Countries, Nationalities and their Languages 這邊看到一個國籍稱呼與語言表,大概 80% 驗證了我的歸納沒錯,雖然還是不意外有些許的例外,但是大方向大概就是這樣。

untry Nationality
(Adjective)
Nationailty
(Noun)
Language
Afghanistan Afghan an Afghan Dari (Persian) - Pashto
Albania Albanian an Albanian Albanian
Algeria Algerian an Algerian Arabic
Argentina Argentine
Argentinian
an Argentine
an Argentinian
Spanish
Australia Australian an Australian English
Austria Austrian an Austrian German
Bangladesh Bangladeshi a Bangladeshi Bengali
Belgium Belgian a Belgian French / Flemish
Bolivia Bolivian a Bolivian Spanish
Botswana Batswana a Botswanan English, Setswana
Brazil Brazilian a Brazilian Portuguese
Bulgaria Bulgarian a Bulgarian Bulgarian
Cambodia Cambodian a Cambodian Cambodian
Cameroon Cameroonian a Cameroonian French / English
Canada Canadian a Canadian English / French
Chile Chilean a Chilean Spanish
China Chinese a Chinese person Chinese
Colombia * Colombian a Colombian Spanish
Costa Rica Costa Rican a Costa Rican Spanish
Croatia Croatian a Croat Croatian
Cuba Cuban a Cuban Spanish
Czech Republic Czech a Czech person Czech
Denmark Danish a Dane Danish
Dominican Republic Dominican a Dominican Spanish
Ecuador Ecuadorian an Ecuadorian Spanish
Egypt Egyptian an Egyptian Arabic
El Salvador Salvadorian a Salvadoran Spanish
England English an Englishman
an Englishwoman
English
Estonia Estonian an Estonian Estonian
Ethiopia Ethiopian an Ethiopian Amharic
Fiji Fijian a Fijian English, Fijian
Finland Finnish a Finn Finnish
France French a Frenchman
a Frenchwoman
French
Germany German a German German
Ghana Ghanaian a Ghanaian English
Greece Greek a Greek Greek
Guatemala Guatemalan a Guatemalan Spanish
Haiti Haitian a Haitian French / Creole
Honduras Honduran a Honduran Spanish
Hungary Hungarian a Hungarian Hungarian
Iceland Icelandic an Icelander Icelandic
India Indian an Indian Hindi / English
Indonesia Indonesian an Indonesian Indonesian
Iran Iranian an Iranian Persian
Iraq Iraqi an Iraqi Arabic, Kurdish
Ireland Irish an Irishman
an Irishwoman
Irish / English
Israel Israeli an Israeli Hebrew
Italy Italian an Italian Italian
Jamaica Jamaican a Jamaican English
Japan Japanese a Japanese person Japanese
Jordan Jordanian a Jordanian Arabic
Kenya Kenyan a Kenyan Swahili
Kuwait Kuwaiti a Kuwaiti Arabiv
Laos Lao a Laotain Laotian
Latvia Latvian a Latvian Latvian
Lebanon Lebanese a Lebanese Arabic
Libya Libyan a Libyan Arabic
Lithuania Lithuanian a Lithuanian Lithuanian
Madagascar Malagasy a Malagasy Malagasy / French
Malaysia Malaysian a Malaysian Malay / Malaysian
Mali Malian a Malian French
Malta Maltese a Maltese English, Maltese
Mexico Mexican a Mexican Spanish
Mongolia Mongolian a Mongolian Mongolian
Morocco Moroccan a Moroccan Arabic / French
Mozambique Mozambican a Mozambican Portuguese
Namibia Namibian a Nambian English
Nepal Nepalese a Nepalese Nepali, English
Netherlands Dutch a Dutchman
a Dutchwoman
Dutch
New Zealand New Zealand a New Zealander English / Maori
Nicaragua Nicaraguan a Nicaraguan Spanish
Nigeria Nigerian a Nigerian English
Norway Norwegian a Norwegian Norwegian
Pakistan Pakistani a Pakistani Urdu, English
Panama Panamanian a Panamanian Spanish
Paraguay Paraguayan a Paraguayan Spanish
Peru Peruvian a Peruvian Spanish
Philippines Philippine a Filipino Tagalog / Filipino
Poland Polish a Pole Polish
Portugal Portuguese a Portuguese person Portuguese
Romania Romanian a Romanian Romanian
Saudi Arabia Saudi a Saudi (Arabian) Arabic
Scotland Scottish a Scot English
Senegal Senegalese a Senegalese person French
Serbia Serbian a Serbian Serbian
Singapore Singaporean a Singaporean English, Malay, Mandarin, Tamil
Slovakia Slovak a Slovak Slovak
South Africa South African a South African Afrikaans, English, + 9 more
South Korea Korean a Korean Korean
Spain Spanish a Spaniard Spanish
Sri Lanka Sri Lankan a Sri Lankan Sinhala, Tamil
Sudan Sudanese a Sudanese person Arabic, English
Sweden Swedish a Swede Swedish
Switzerland Swiss a Swiss person German, French, Italian, Romansh
Syria Syrian a Syrian Arabic
Taiwan Taiwanese a Taiwanese person Chinese
Tajikistan Tajikistani a Tajikistani Tajik (Persian)
Thailand Thai a Thai person Thai
Tonga Tongan a Tongan English, Tongan
Tunisia Tunisian a Tunisian Arabic
Turkey Turkish a Turk Turkish
United Arab Emirates Emirati an Emirati Arabic
(The) United Kingdom British a Brit English
(The) United States American ** an American English
Uruguay Uruguayan a Uruguayan Spanish
Venezuela Venezuelan a Venezuelan Spanish
Vietnam Vietnamese a Vietnamese person Vietnamese
Wales Welsh a Welshman
a Welshwoman
Welsh / English
Zambia Zambian a Zambian English
Zimbabwe Zimbabwean a Zimbabwean 16 languages

 

 

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